高血压患者健康赋权现状及其相关影响因素分析

Analysis of health empowerment status and related influencing factors in patients with hypertension

目的:探讨高血压患者健康赋权现状及其相关影响因素。方法:选取2021年8月至2022年8月于我院住院的80例高血压患者,采用慢性疾病健康赋权量表评估患者的健康赋权水平,采用自制基线资料调查问卷、社会支持评定量表调查并收集相关资料,比较不同特征高血压患者的健康赋权评分,采用线性回归分析影响高血压患者健康赋权水平的因素。结果:80例患者的健康赋权评分为(97.58±9.56)分,处于中等水平。不同年龄、高血压分级、文化程度、心理弹性、社会支持度的高血压患者健康赋权评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别、付费方式、居住地的高血压患者健康赋权评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。线性回归分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁、高血压分级3级、文化程度高中及以下、心理弹性较差、社会支持度低下是高血压患者健康赋权水平较低的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:高血压患者健康赋权为中等水平,年龄≥60岁、高血压分级3级、高中及以下、心理弹性较差、社会支持度低下是该类患者健康赋权水平较低的危险因素,对此临床应加强对老年及病情严重的高血压患者病情观察及照护,积极开展高血压相关健康知识宣教、心理疏导,并引导患者家人给予患者更多的支持,以促进患者健康赋权水平的提升。

Objective:To explore the status quo and related influencing factors of health empowerment in patients with hypertension.Methods:A total of 80 patients with hypertension admitted to our hospital from Aug 2021 to Aug 2022 were selected,their health empowerment level was evaluated by chronic disease health empowerment scale,self-made baseline data questionnaire and social support rating scale,and relevant data were collected to compare the health empowerment scores of hypertension patients with different characteristics.The influencing factors of health empowerment level of hypertension patients were analyzed by linear regression analysis.Results:The health empowerment score of 80 patients was(97.58±9.56),which was at a medium level.There were statistically significant differences in health empowerment scores of hypertension patients with different ages,hypertension grades,education levels,psychological resilience and social support(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in health empowerment scores of hypertension patients with different genders,payment methods and places of residence(P>0.05).Linear regression analysis showed that age≥60 years old,hypertension grade 3,high school or below,poor mental resilience and low social support were the risk factors for low health empowerment level in hypertension patients(P<0.05).Conclusions:The health empowerment level of patients with hypertension is medium.Age≥60 years old,hypertension grade 3,high school and below,poor mental resilience and low social support are the risk factors for low health empowerment level of these patients.In clinical practice,we should strengthen the observation and care of elderly and severe hypertensive patients,actively carry out hypertension-related health knowledge education and psychological counseling,and guide patients'family members to giving more support to patients,so as to promote the improvement of patients'health empowerment level.