论路遥小说的书信镶嵌及其叙事功能

On the Epistle Embedding and Narrative Function of Lu Yao’s Novels

书信镶嵌,是路遥小说创作的显著特点。在其代表作《平凡的世界》和《人生》中的书信文本,具有阅读关系的虚拟性、叙事选择的多样性与抒情议论的结合性等文体特征。从全书叙事逻辑来看,这些书信发挥着留白召唤的互文性、起承转合的结构性与谋篇布局的整体性等叙事功能。此外,由于书信叙事特征和作者审美理想的相互契合,加之中国现当代书信体小说的影响,以及从苏俄文学借鉴写作资源等原因,使得路遥在选择书信写作的同时,又通过内外嵌套、跨文体等方式,实现了对书信体的创新与超越。书信镶嵌是研究路遥小说新的向导,不仅丰富了小说的表现力,而且也增扩了对中国当代小说的审美构建作用。

Epistle embedding is a prominent feature of Lu Yao’s novel creation.The epistle texts in his representative works The Ordinary World and Life have stylistic features such as the virtuality of reading relationships,the diversity of narrative choices and the combination of lyrical discourse.From the narrative logic of the entire book,these epistles play the narrative functions of inter-textuality summoned by blank spaces,structural continuity and integration,overall planning and layout.In addition,due to the mutual compatibility between the narrative characteristics of epistles and the author’s aesthetic ideals as well as the influence of modern Chinese epistolary novels and the borrowing of writing resources from Soviet literature,Lu Yao chose to write epistles and also innovate and surpas the epistolary style through internal and external nesting,cross genre and other methods.Epistle embedding is a new guidance for studying Lu Yao’s novels,which not only enriches the expressive power of the novels,but also expands the aesthetic construction of contemporary Chinese novels.