多工况车辆荷载下嵌入式压电传感路面结构动态响应分析

Dynamic Response Analysis of Multi-sensor Embedded Pavement Structure Under Different Loading Conditions

嵌入式智能装置与路面结构在车辆荷载作用下的动态响应对其服役性能和使用寿命意义突出。为此,采用1/4车辆振动模型,构建车辆动荷载作用下的嵌入式压电系统-路面结构有限元模型。基于足尺加速加载试验路段实测应变数据和文献振动数据,对有限元模型的响应结果进行了验证;进一步考虑了不同车辆轴载、车速和路面平整度等工况下,嵌入式路面结构的动态响应变化和压电系统的电压峰值输出。结果表明,路面结构的竖向加速度峰值、嵌入式压电系统的输出峰值随着车辆荷载的增加而增加,线性度良好;超载带来的横向应变峰值变化和竖向应变拉压交替峰峰值变化,需重点考虑;行驶速度对路面的振动和应变响应影响明显,均不为单调变化;随着路面等级从A级降为C级,路面各结构层平均竖向加速度从-10×10^(-3) g增加到-39×10^(-3) g,其中深度200 mm以内的三向振动增幅最为明显。该研究为嵌入式压电系统的实际应用和布置优化提供了支撑,也为智能道路的长期服役性能分析提供了依据。

The dynamic response of embedded sensing devices and pavement under vehicle loads has significant implications for their service performance and lifespan.Therefore,the finite element model of embedded piezoelectric system-pavement structure under dynamic load was constructed using a 1/4 vehicle vibration model.Based on the measured strain data and the literature vibration data,the response results of the finite element model were verified.The dynamic response of embedded pavement structure and the peak voltage output of the piezoelectric system were analyzed under different axle loads,speeds and road roughness.Results show that the vertical acceleration peak of pavement structure and the output peak of embedded piezoelectric system increase with the increase of vehicle load,and the linearity is good.The change of peak value of lateral strain and peak value of alternating tension and compression of vertical strain caused by overload should be considered.The driving speed has obvious influence on the vibration and strain response of the road surface,which are not monotonic changes.With the pavement grade dropping from Class A to Class C,the average vertical acceleration of each structural layer of the pavement increases from-10×10^(-3) g to-39×10^(-3) g,and the increase of three-way vibration within 200 mm depth is the most significant.The research provides support for the application and layout optimization of embedded piezoelectric systems,as well as instructions for intelligent pavement long-term service performance.