基因调控植物花器官发育的研究进展

Progress in Gene Regulation of Plant Floral Organ Development

花作为被子植物的繁殖器官,是植物的重要组成部分,也是研究植物进化、分类的重要依据。花器官的发育受到外部环境和内部生理等多种因素的影响,不同物种或同一物种间出现不同的性状,基因作为其中的关键因子,在整个过程中发挥着重要作用,其在花发育调控中的作用一直都是大家研究的热点。花器官的花萼、花冠、雄蕊、雌蕊、胚珠五轮结构分别受到AE花发育模型中A、B、C、D、E五类基因的调控,这些基因在花器官发育过程中形成了一个复杂的基因调控网络。各类基因的表达或沉默均会导致花器官的结构发生改变,但不同的物种之间又存在差异。本研究综述了MADS-box、AP2/ERF基因家族相关成员AP1、AP2、AP3、PI、AG、SEP、AGL6、SHP、STK及其他基因NAP、SPL、TGA、PAN、WOX等在花器官建成中的调控作用,从分子水平解析了基因在花器官发育中的影响,为进一步深入了解基因在各植物花器官发育调控中的作用提供参考。

As the reproductive organ of angiosperms,the flowers are a vital part of plants and a prime basis for the study of plant evolution andclassification.The development of the floral organ is affected by a variety of factors,such as the external environment and internal physiology,leading to different traits in different species or among the same species,and genes,as the key factors therein,play a vital role in the whole process,and the role of their genes in the regulation of floral development has been a hot topic of research.The five whorls of structures of the calyx,corolla,stamen,pistil,and ovule of the floral organ are regulated by five categories of genes,A,B,C,D,and E,in the AE model of floral development,and these genes form a complex gene regulatory network in the process of floral organ development.The expression or silencing of each category of genes leads to structural changes in the floral organs,but there are differences among different species.In this paper,we reviewed the regulatory roles of MADS-box,AP2/ERF gene family members AP1,AP2,AP3,PI,AG,SEP,AGL6,SHP,STK,and other genes such as NAP,SPL,TGA,PAN,and WOX in the construction of floral organs,and the effects of genes in the development of floral organs at the molecular level were analyzed.The influence of genes on floral organ development at the molecular level was also analyzed.This study provides a reference for further understanding the role of genes in the regulation of floral organ development in various plants.