大动态范围磁通门磁力仪及其在定向误差校正中的应用

Fluxgate magnetometer with large dynamic range and its application in orientation error correction

仪器定向误差会影响地磁矢量观测数据的准确性,现有的校正方法需要已知地磁场模量或参考标准仪器,且难以应用在井下和海洋等无法手动安装调整仪器的情况。本文提出了大动态磁通门磁力仪和在此基础上的欧拉旋转变换的矢量校正方法。该方法可在无需参考标准仪器的情况下,获得磁通门的定向角度误差并进行自校正测量。在地磁观测台站进行了实验,结果表明,当实验仪器定向误差分别设置为4个不同象限区间的大角度时,校正后与台站比测仪器对应分量的相关系数仍达到0.99以上,B-A图中置信区间长度减小了86%以上,RMS误差降低至15%以下,论证了该校正方法的有效性,能够提高地磁台站的观测数据质量,并为井下和海洋地磁观测的定向提供参考解决方案。

The accuracy of geomagnetic vector observation data will be affected by Instrument orientation error,and the existing correction methods require known geomagnetic field modulus or referring to standard instruments,and are difficult to be applied in downhole and marine situations where manual installation and adjustment of instruments are impossible.A large dynamic fluxgate magnetometer and a vector correction method based on Euler rotation transformation are proposed by the paper.The directional error angle of fluxgate can be obtained and the measurement is self-calibrated by this method without referring to standard instrument.The results show that when the orientation error of experimental instrument is set to the large angle of four different quadrants,the correlation coefficient with the corresponding component of station is still above 0.99 after correction,and the length of confidence interval in the Bland-Altman diagram is reduced by more than 86%and the RMS error is reduced to less than 15%,which proves the effectiveness of this method.Correspondingly,the observation data quality of geomagnetic stations can be improved,and reference solutions for the orientation of downhole and marine geomagnetic observations can be also provided.