水平圆盘式大豆单粒精密排种器的设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Horizontal Disc Soybean Single-grain Precision Seed Metering Device

为了实现大豆单粒精密播种,设计了一种水平圆盘大豆单粒精密排种器,并对其工作原理进行了分析。依据大豆种子的物理参数,对排种盘的型孔尺寸、直径等参数进行了计算分析,确定型孔尺寸的长、宽和高分别为9、5、9mm。为了得到排种器的最佳性能,以排种器转速、大豆品种为试验因素,以排种合格指数、重播指数、漏播指数为试验指标,利用EDEM软件进行仿真试验,结果表明:当排种器最佳转速为40r/min时,排种合格率均大于96.4%,重播率小于2%,漏播率小于1.7%。在最佳参数下,进行台架试验验证,结果表明:当排种器转速为40r/min时,3个品种的大豆种子的排种合格率均大于96.5%,重播率小于2%,漏播率小于1.7%,能够满足大豆单粒精密播种的要求。

In order to realize the precision seeding of soybean single seed,a horizontal disc precision seed metering device for single seed soybean was designed,and its working principle was analyzed.According to the physical parameters pf soybean seeds,the parameters such as the size and diameter of the type hole of the seeding plate were calculated and analyzed,and the length,width and height of size of the type hole were determined to be 9 mm,5 mm and 9 mm,respectively.In order to obtain the best performance of the seed metering device and the soybean variety were used as the test factors,and the seeding qualification index,replay index and missed seeding index were used as the test indicators.Using EDEM software to carry out simulation experiments,it was found that the optimal speed of the seed metering device was 40 r/min.At this time,the qualified rate of seed metering was greater than 96.4%,the replay rate was less than 2%,and the missed seeding rate was less than 1.7%.Under the optimal parameters,the bench test verified that when the speed of the seed metering device was 40 r/min,the seeding pass rate of the three varieties of soybean seeds were all greater than 96.5%,the reseeding rate was less than 2%,and the missed seeding rate was less than 1.7%,which can meet the requirements of single-grain precision sowing of soybeans.