戈壁石土壤葡萄埋藤装置设计与试验

Design and Testing of Grape Vine Burying Machine in Gobi Stone Soil

针对含戈壁石土壤机械化葡萄埋藤越冬作业难度大、能耗高、理论研究少等难题,考虑含戈壁石土壤的葡萄埋藤农艺要求,设计了一种可在戈壁石土壤中葡萄埋藤的铰臂式锯齿形刀结构和葡萄埋藤机装置,并根据葡萄埋藤农艺要求,对埋藤装备关键部件进行参数设计和计算。考虑土壤的挖掘、摩擦、移动和抛出等影响因素建立了功耗算法,特点是土壤容重越大所需功耗也越大。通过确定含戈壁石土壤埋藤机所匹配的履带式拖拉机总功率,在戈壁石含率分别为19.73%和32.24%的两种实验区进行了埋藤覆土试验。在这两个实验区,埋藤覆土平均厚度的最大值分别为0.19m和0.21m,最小值分别为0.1m和0.097m,埋藤覆土宽度均为1.2m,满足吐鲁番地区含戈壁石土壤的葡萄埋藤农艺要求,可有效降低葡萄种植成本、减轻劳动强度、提高综合经济效益。

In view of the difficulty,high energy consumption and little theoretical research of mechanized grape buried vines in Gobi-containing soil,considering the agronomic requirements of grape buried vines in Gobi-containing soils,a reaming arm-type serrated knife structure and grape burial rattan machine device can be designed in Gobi stone soil,and the key components of buried vine equipment are designed and calculated according to the agronomic requirements of grape buried vines.Considering the influencing factors of soil excavation,friction,movement and throwing,the power consumption algorithm is established,which is characterized by the greater the soil bulk density,the greater the power consumption required.By determining the total power of the crawler tractor matched by the gobiite soil buried vine ma-chine,the buried vine cover test was carried out in two experimental areas with Gobi stone content of 19.73%and 32.24%,respectively.In these two experimental areas,the maximum value of the average thickness of buried vine cover was 0.19m and 0.21m,the minimum value was 0.1m and 0.097m,and the width of buried vine cover was 1.2m,re-spectively.This meets the agronomic requirements of grape burial vines containing Gobi stone soil in Turpan,which can effectively reduce the cost of grape planting,reduce labor intensity and improve comprehensive economic benefits.