“双碳”背景下我国煤炭资源保障能力与勘查方向的思考

Reflection on China’s coal resource guarantee capacity and exploration work under the background of“double carbon”

我国以煤为主的能源消费结构短期内不会改变。目前我国煤炭能源仍然处在需求量大、资源高强度开发阶段,有必要认真审视我国煤炭资源勘查工作。通过分析我国煤炭资源分布与保存问题,基本摸清了煤炭资源状况。认为我国煤炭资源相对丰富,但分布主要受东西向、南北向“两横”和“两纵”构造带控制,在“九宫”分布不同区域资源赋存与开发程度不均衡,中东部地区开发强度大,西部资源丰富但勘查开发程度低。同时,对我国主要煤炭矿区典型矿井的煤炭资源采出情况进行了调查与计算,研究了煤炭资源回采率的计算方法,得出目前技术条件下多数矿井的煤炭资源回采率在24.3%~59.8%,直接反映了目前开采技术条件下我国查明煤炭资源、储量的实际采出情况。我国目前查明煤炭资源、储量20 a后大多将被开采和占用,保障能力不足,需要引起全社会对煤炭资源勘查工作的重视,提前谋划合理制定针对性的解决方案。从现在开始勘查工作:一是加强中东部老矿区煤炭储量增储勘查力度;二是加快煤炭勘查开发战略西移,建设煤炭基地“双子座”;三是开展深部和复杂地区的地质条件精细勘查评价,助力煤炭资源、储量的储备能力提升,实现煤炭在保障我国能源安全稳定发展中的压舱石作用。

The structure of China’s coal-based energy consumption will not change in the short term.Coal resources are still being de-veloped at a high intensity and with significant demand in China.It's necessary to pay close attention to China’s coal resource exploration efforts.This study essentially determines the state of coal resources by examining the distribution and preservation of coal resources in China.The distribution of China’s comparatively abundant coal resources is mostly governed by the“two horizontal”and“two vertical”tectonic bands that run east-west and north-south.The distribution of“nine palaces”resources is uneven in terms of their occurrence and development in the various regions.While there is little coal exploration and development in the western region despite its wealth of re-sources,there is a high level of coal development in the middle and eastern regions.The mining situation of coal resources in typical mines of main coal mining areas in China was investigated and calculated.The calculation method of coal resource recovery rate is studied.The resources mined by the majority of mines only make up 24.3%to 59.8%of the resource reserves found through exploration,which can es-sentially represent the actual mining situation of the coal resource reserves found in China under the current technical mining conditions.The majority of the coal resource reserves that have been identified in China’s present exploration and appraisal will be mined and occu-pied in 20 years,according to the research.The inability to reliably identify resource reserves necessitates drawing society’s attention to the exploration of coal resources and enabling proactive planning and formulation of focused solutions.In order to realize the ballast role of coal in ensuring the safe and stable development of China’s energy sector,it is necessary to strengthen the exploration of coal reserves in the old mining areas in the central and eastern regions;accelerate the westward shift of coal development strategy,the construction of coal base“Gemini”;and carry out fine exploration and evaluation of geological conditions in deep and complex areas.