适用于电动汽车的单开关动作双向固态断路器

Single Switch Control Bi-directional Solid-state Circuit Breaker for Electric Vehicles

设计了一种适用于电动汽车的单开关动作直流固态断路器,该断路器在切除短路故障时只需要通过控制一个开关的通断实现短路故障的隔离与短路能量的耗散。这里对该固态断路器的不同工作状态进行分析,建立相应的数学模型,并以此作为参数设计的理论依据,设计完成后在电动汽车动力电池输出400 V/20 A工作模式下进行短路切除实验,实验结果表明:电动汽车没有发生短路故障时,单开关动作直流固态断路器不影响电路的正常运行;当电动汽车发生短路故障后,该断路器能在5 ms内自动关断,且可以平滑的吸收故障电流使固态开关所承受的峰值电压小于550 V,对电动汽车具有可靠的保护作用。

A single switch operation bi-directional DC solid-state circuit breaker for electric vehicles is designed,which only needs to control one switch to isolate short-circuit faults and dissipate short-circuit energy when removing short-circuit faults.Different operating states of this solid-state circuit breaker are analyzed,and the corresponding mathematical model is established as the theoretical basis for the parameter design.After the design is completed,the short-circuit removal experiment is carried out under the working mode of 400 V/20 A output of electric vehicle pow-er battery.The simulation results show that the single switch control bi-directional DC solid state circuit breaker does not affect the normal operation of the circuit when there is no short circuit fault in the electric vehicle.When a short circuit fault occurs in the electric vehicle,the circuit breaker can automatically shut down within 5 ms and can smoothly absorb the fault current so that the peak voltage withstood by the solid state switch is only 550 V,which is a reliable protection for the electric vehicle.