数据竞争中平台商业道德的具象意涵与审查规则

Specific Meaning and Review Rules for Platform Business Ethics in Data Competition

数据日益成为平台经营者之间重要的竞争资源。根植于新技术、新产业、新模式的涉平台数据不正当竞争行为,较多适用《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》第二条一般条款或第十二条互联网专条予以规制,其行为正当性的判断和考量需以商业道德的认定为基准。作为法源意义的商业道德,具有抽象性、不确定性、个案性、动态性等特点,客观主义立场可以有效限定商业道德判断的自由裁量权边界。从方法论的角度,数据竞争中平台商业道德的认定应遵循先发现公认的商业道德、再确定新产业的商业道德之次第路径。结合平台数据的特殊性,商业道德的认定还需要考量平台分级分类、不同数据类型、不同行为样态和使用场景等具体要素。

Data has increasingly become an important competitive resource among platform operators.Unfair competition involving platform data rooted in new technologies,industries and modes is more often regulated under Article 2 General Provisions or Article 12 Internet Specific Provisions of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law of the People's Republic of China,and the judgment and consideration of the legitimacy of the behavior needs to be based on the determination of business ethics.As the legal source,business ethics is abstract,uncertainty and dynamic,the objectivist position can effectively limit the discretionary boundaries of business ethics judgment.From the perspective of methodology,the determination of business ethics of platforms in data competition should follow the path of discovering recognized business ethics first,and then determining the business ethics of new industries.Combined with the specificity of platform data,the determination of business ethics also needs to take into account the specific elements of platform classification,different data types,different behavioral patterns and usage scenarios.