地方政府财政重整的规范逻辑与制度建构——兼论破产法律框架的价值与局限

The Normative Logic and Institutional Construction of Local Government Financial Reorganization:An Overview of the Value and Limitations of the Legal Framework of Bankruptcy

破产法为应对地方政府债务危机提供了一揽子化债思路。确保处于财政困境的地方政府继续履行公共职责是地方财政重整制度的主要目标。美国市政破产制度为地方政府的财政恢复提供了喘息空间,但对地方政府的过度保护有碍重整程序的及时启动和债务调整计划的充分谈判。直接从企业重整程序引致来的法院强裁标准在市政破产中难以适用,反而助长少数异议债权人的拖延钳制。我国在构建地方财政重整制度时应对破产法规范进行有益借鉴和适当调整,并对相应的权力配置机制予以本土化改造。

Bankruptcy law provides local government in fiscal crisis with a full range of debt-solving system.The main objective of municipal fiscal reorganization is to ensure that local governments can consistently fulfill their public functions.Chapter nine of the U.S.Code offers municipalities opportunities for fiscal recovery,while implementing over-protection on local governments may hinder prompt start of reorganization procedures as well as fully bargain on debt adjustment plans.Compulsory sanction in Chapter ll can hardly be applied in municipal bankruptcy for its ambiguity,leading to few dissenting creditors'delaying clampdown.When establishing the local government fiscal reorganization system in China,certain bankruptcy rules should be adopted or adjusted,correspondingly reforming the power allocation.