粤港澳大湾区城市空中交通高质量发展的探索及其研究

Exploration and Research on High-Quality Development of Urban Air Transportation in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

粤港澳大湾区交通体系建设在区域发展中起着决定性作用,在着力发展铁路、公路、海运、河运和传统运输航空的同时,如何针对区域需求发展更高质量的交通方式是区域交通整体筹划的题中之义。电动垂直起降(EVTOL)是航空器制造业领域一场重大技术革命,它使城市空中交通(Urban Air Mobility,UAM)从梦想走向现实。长期以来,城市空中交通以直升机为主,但出于成本高、噪声大、污染重和对环境要求高等原因,其发展规模非常小,没有受到人们关注。近年来EVTOL技术快速发展,万亿“蓝海”赛道雏形日益清晰,各国竞争开始加剧。粤港澳大湾区具有天然发展UAM的基础、条件和环境,发展的成效对湾区整体水平又有重要价值。面对这一全新课题,本文从必要性、可行性出发,研究其价值所在,提出发展思路和路径,对存在的问题进行简要剖析并给出解决对策,期望对UAM的发展有所帮助。

The construction of the transportation system in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area plays a decisive role in regional development.While focusing on the development of railways,highways,sea transportation,river transportation,and traditional transportation aviation,how to develop higher quality transportation modes according to regional needs is a key issue in the overall planning of regional transportation.Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing(EVTOL)is a major technological revolution in the aircraft manufacturing industry,which has brought Urban Air Mobility(UAM)from a dream to reality.For a long time,urban air transportation has mainly relied on helicopters,but due to high costs,high noise,heavy pollution,and high environmental requirements,its development scale is very small and has not received people's attention.In recent years,EVTOL technology has developed rapidly,and the embryonic form of the trillion dollar"blue ocean"track is becoming increasingly clear,and competition among countries is intensifying.The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has the foundation,conditions,and environment for the natural development of UAM,and the effectiveness of development has important value for the overall level of the Bay Area.Faced with this new topic,this article starts from the necessity and feasibility,studies its value,proposes development ideas and paths,briefly analyzes existing problems,and provides solutions,hoping to be helpful for the development of UAM.