劳动价值论的反思与新型价值论的构建

Reflection of the Labor Theory of Value and Construction of a New Value Theory

随着智能科技的快速发展和普及性应用,生产和服务的信息化、“无人化”和智能化程度不断提高,劳动与商品价值的创造出现了新形式、新特点,工业时代提出的劳动价值论面临一系列新的问题和挑战。在智能经济条件下,人的劳动支出早已从以体力为主变成了以脑力为主,脑力劳动成为创造商品价值的主要源泉;智能系统、智能机器人可以承担一定的劳动任务和劳动职责,它们的活动具有劳动创造价值的一般特性。我们应该以马克思的劳动价值论为基础,充分考虑脑力劳动、科学技术知识以及智能系统在价值创造中的重要地位和作用,从而与时俱进地发展劳动价值论,甚至创造性地建构新型的价值理论。

With the rapid development and widespread application of smart technologies,the degree of informatization,“unmanned”operation,and intelligence in the production and service processe continues to advance.The creation of labor and commodity value has taken on new forms and characteristics.The traditional labor theory of value pro⁃posed during the industrial age is confronting a new set of problems and challenges.Under intelligent economic con⁃ditions,human labor expenditure has long since changed from being primarily manual to being primarily mental,and mental labor has been the main source of commodity value;intelligent systems and robots can undertake spe⁃cific labor tasks and responsibilities,and their activities exhibit the general traits of value creation through labor.We should build upon Marx’s labor theory of value as the foundation,and thoroughly consider the significance of in⁃tellectual labor,scientific and technological knowledge,and intelligent systems in the role of value creation.This will enable us to free our minds,evolve the labor theory of value with contemporary times,and even innovatively construct new theories of value.