数字经济与科技创新的协同效应对经济高质量发展的影响研究

Research on the Synergy Impact between Digital Economy and Technological Innovation on High-quality Economic Development

当前,中国经济由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段,数字经济与科技创新是促进经济高质量发展的两个重要途径。解决中国数字经济与科技创新发展存在的不平衡问题,是推动中国经济高质量发展的内在要求,而数字经济与科技创新的协同效应是否推动了中国经济朝着高质量方向发展,尚缺乏有支撑的理论和经验证据。本文立足于耦合协同的研究视角,基于2011—2020年中国省域面板数据,从理论和实证两个维度验证数字经济与科技创新的协同效应对经济高质量发展的影响路径。首先构建了测算数字经济与科技创新协同效应水平的耦合协调度模型,其次利用固定效应模型和中介效应模型实证分析了协同效应影响经济高质量发展的作用机制,最后构建反映区域间创新要素流动的空间权重矩阵考察协同效应的空间知识溢出效应。研究发现:第一,中国数字经济与科技创新的协同效应和经济高质量发展具有显著的空间集聚特征,总体上看,协同效应地区差异较大,东部地区明显优于中、西部,但这一差距在逐渐缩小。第二,协同效应明显促进了地区高质量发展水平的提升,并且其作用效力强于二者单独对经济高质量发展产生的影响,产生“1+1>2”的协同效应,已成为新科技革命时期经济高质量发展的“新引擎”,人力资本积累与产业结构优化是协同效应影响经济高质量发展的两个重要渠道。第三,数字经济与科技创新的协同效应不仅能显著提升本地区的经济发展质量,还能通过科研资本的流动,对经济关联地区的经济高质量发展水平产生显著的正向空间知识溢出效应,但科研人员的流动对关联地区的经济高质量水平产生“虹吸效应”,与科研人员的“趋利性”特点有关。本文研究为评估数字经济与科技创新协同效应的影响提供了数据支撑和分析脉络,也为探寻经济高质量发展的提升路径提供了新的政策参考。

At present,China’s economy has shifted from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development,and the digital economy and technological innovation are two important ways to promote the high-quality development of the economy.To solve the imbalance between the development of digital economy and technological innovation in China is the internal requirement to promote the high-quality development of economy.Whether the synergy effect of digital economy and technological innovation impels China’s economy to develop towards high-quality or not,there is still a lack of supporting theoretical and empirical evidence.Based on the research perspective of coupling and synergy,the influence path of the synergistic effect of digital economy and technological innovation on the high-quality development of the economy in both theoretical and empirical dimensions is verified based on the provincial panel data of China from 2011 to 2020.Firstly,construct a coupling coordination degree model to measure the level of synergistic effect of digital economy and technological innovation.Secondly,empirically analyze the role mechanism of synergistic effect on economic high-quality development by using the fixed effect model and the mediation effect model.Finally,construct a spatial weight matrix reflecting the flow of innovation factors among regions to examine the spatial knowledge spillover effect of synergistic effect.It is found that:firstly,the synergy effect of China’s digital economy and technological innovation and the high-quality development of the economy have significant spatial clustering characteristics,and in general,the synergy effect has a large regional difference,with the eastern region significantly better than the central and western regions,but the gaps are gradually narrowing.Secondly,the synergistic effect obviously promotes the enhancement of regional high-quality development,and its effect is stronger than the impact of the two themselues on the high-quality development of the economy,resulting in the synergistic effect of“1+1>2”,which has become the“new engine”of high-quality development of economy in the period of the new scientific and technological revolution.The accumulation of human capital and optimization of industrial structure are two important channels through which the synergistic effect affects the high-quality development of the economy.Thirdly,the synergistic effect of digital economy and technological innovation can not only significantly improve the quality of economic development in regions,but also have a significant positive spatial knowledge spillover effect on the economic high-quality development of related regions through the flow of scientific research capital,but the flow of scientific researchers has a siphoning effect on the economic high-quality of related regions,which is related to the characteristics of scientific researchers’tendency to make profits.Overall,the data support and analysis context are provided for evaluating the synergy effect of digital economy and technological innovation,and new policy reference for exploring the upgrading path of high-quality economic development.