多层结构聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶太阳能蒸发器的制备及性能

Preparation and Performance of Multi-layer Structural Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Solar-driven Evaporator

优化设计太阳能蒸发器的结构并提高光热转换效率是改善其蒸发性能的有效途径。本工作基于原位自由基聚合反应,设计了一种多层结构的聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)复合水凝胶太阳能蒸发器并研究了其性能。该水凝胶由底部PAM/纳米纤维素(PAM/CNF)水运输层、中部PAM/碳纳米管/氮化钛(PAM/CNTs/TiN)光热转换层以及顶部“孤岛”状PAM/空心MXene微球(PAM/HSMX)构成的粗糙表面层组成。这种设计构建的PAM/CNF-PAM/CNTs/TiN-PAM/HSMX多层结构水凝胶太阳能蒸发器(ML-SVG)不仅能够提高光热转换效率,减少热量的损耗,而且促进了水分的运输,从而赋予ML-SVG优良的蒸发性能。ML-SVG在2kW·m^(-2)太阳光照射下的蒸发速率达到2.2kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),同时具有优良的循环使用性能,高效的污水净化和盐水淡化性能。

Optimizing the structure and enhancing photothermal conversion efficiency are effective ways to improve the performance of solar-driven eva-porator.Based on in-situ radical polymerization,a multi-layer structural polyacrylamide(PAM)hydrogel solar-driven evaporator was designed and its relevant performance was investigated.The evaporator was constructed by polyacrylamide/nanocellulose(PAM/CNF)as the water transport layer at the bottom,polyacrylamide/carbon nanotubes/titanium nitride(PAM/CNTs/TiN)as the photothermal conversion layer in the middle,and a rough surface layer of islanded polyacrylamide/hollow MXene microsphere(PAM/HSMX)on the top.As a result,the built PAM/CNF-PAM/CNTs/TiN-PAM/HSMX multi-layer structural hydrogel solar-driven evaporator(ML-SVG)can not only improve the photothermal conversion efficiency and reduce heat loss,but also promote the transportation of water,thus imparted it excellent evaporation performance.ML-SVG exhibites high evaporation rate of 2.2 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)under 2 kW·m^(-2)sun irradiation,good recycling performance,and high efficient wastewater purification and saline desalination abilities.