好古·崇晋·尊唐:戴表元对前代诗学接受的三个向度

Three Dimensions in Dai Biaoyuan’s Acceptance of Previous Dynasties’Poetics:Admiring the Ancients,Revering the Jin Dynasty,Esteeming the Tang Dynasty

作为宋末元初重要的学者、诗人与诗论家,戴表元的诗论与其学养密不可分。因此,从其思想层面讨论其诗学,有利于加深我们对其诗学的理解。出于对宋末士人务虚、庸俗的鄙夷,戴表元向慕三代,因之倡言好古。戴表元在学问上追仰三代,在此好古思想的指引下,他广泛而有针对性地汲取前代诗学之优点而针砭当时诗坛,其中又以对“晋”与“唐”两种范式的讨论最为究心。可以说,出于对前宋覆灭的反思而来的好古思想是其对前代诗学接受的根本,而“崇晋”与“尊唐”则是两翼。从思想的层面出发揭示戴表元的前代诗学接受,将使得我们对其诗论有更为立体与深刻的理解。

Dai Biaoyuan was an eminent scholar,poet and expert at poetics in the reign of the late Song and early Yuan;his poetics was closely related to his academic cultivation.Dai Biaoyuan’s poetics when discussed from the perspective of his thoughts deepens our understanding.Dai Biaoyuan showed a strong contempt for the late Song Dynasty’s scholars’engagement in theory-based and vulgar research,so he followed the poetic creation and studies of the ancients.With such advocacy,Dai Biaoyuan extensively drew on the merits of previous dynasties’poetry and poetics and excoriated the poetic circle of his age.He focused his studies mainly on the two poetic paradigms of the Jin and Tang dynasties.Reflections on the fall of the Southern Song dynasty gave birth to his thought of admiring the ancients,which is the mainstay of his poetics acceptance of previous dynasties,revering the Jin and esteeming the Tang being two wings.The research of Dai Biaoyuan’s poetics acceptance of previous dynasties from the dimension of his thoughts leads up to a more profound and stereoscopic grasp of his theory on poetics.