阶级、性别、种姓:微观权力视域下《生命之书》的一个解读视角

Class,Gender,and Caste:A Micro-power Analytical Perspective on Zindaginama

《生命之书》是印度作家克里希纳·索波蒂对印巴分治之前旁遮普地区乡村生活的全景式描摹,被认为是一部历史小说。这部作品不仅仅是对一个时代的记忆,更是对旁遮普地区特定文化和社会背景的深刻探讨。通过展现旁遮普乡村空间作为权力运行的主要舞台,小说生动地描绘了微观权力如何在公共空间、家庭、个人和心理层面渗透和运作。文章主要运用福柯的权力理论,探讨小说中微观权力的运行,揭示在阶级、性别、种姓等关系场域中权力机制对个体的规训作用,以期更深刻地洞察小说所反映的社会结构、文化背景和权力关系,更全面地理解《生命之书》的文学价值。

Zindaginama(The Book of Life),a novel by the Indian writer Krishna Sobti,gives a panoramic depiction of rural life in the pre-partition Punjab,and is considered a historical novel as well.Zindaginama serves not merely as a memory of the times,but also a deep insight into specific cultures and social backdrops of the Punjab region.By presenting the Punjab’s rural space as a main stage of power operation,Zindaginama vividly depicts how micro-power permeates and operates in public,family,individual and mental spaces.By using Foucault’s theory of power,this paper probes into the micro-power operation in the novel,reveals the disciplining of individuals by the power mechanism in the fields of class,gender and caste.In doing so,we can gain a more profound insight into social structures,cultural settings and power relationships presented in Zindaginama,and have a more overall knowledge of the literary value of the novel.