天然橡胶加工废水发酵及资源化利用初步研究

Preliminary study on fermentation and resource utilization of natural rubber processing wastewater

天然橡胶加工废水处理、排放是天然橡胶加工产业亟待解决的实际问题,探究不同菌剂对天然橡胶加工废水的发酵效果并将其资源化利用,具有较高的生产应用价值。设置不添加菌剂、添加芽孢杆菌、放线菌、黑曲霉菌4种不同的处理对天然橡胶废水进行好氧发酵,并以清水和复合肥作为对照,进行盆栽试验研究不同发酵液对小白菜生长、品质及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:添加黑曲霉菌发酵效果最优,其次为芽孢杆菌、放线菌发酵处理;不同处理的发酵液灌溉对小白菜的生长品质均有较好的提升作用,其中添加黑曲霉菌、放线菌发酵处理提升效果最优,其次为添加芽孢杆菌处理;添加菌剂各处理对土壤孔隙度有提升趋势,且平均值高于清水对照(1.76%),其中添加黑曲霉菌发酵液对土壤孔隙度提升最高。与清水对照相比,添加黑曲霉菌发酵液灌溉后土壤pH、有机质含量分别提高了0.33%、19.21%。综上,添加黑曲霉菌处理对小白菜生长品质提升效果最优且对土壤孔隙度不造成影响。

The treatment and discharge of wastewater from natural rubber processing was an urgent practical problem to be solved in the natural rubber processing industry.It had high production application value to explore the fermentation effect of different bacterial agents on wastewater from natural rubber processing and utilize them resourcefully.In this study,four different treatments of natural rubber wastewater i.e.without adding bacteria,adding Bacillus subtilis,adding Actinomycetes,adding Aspergillus niger and a control group of clear water and compound fertilizer were set up,and a pot experiments was conducted to further study the impact of different fermentation liquids on the growth,quality and physical and chemical properties of Pak Choi.The results showed that the fermentation effect of adding Aspergillus niger was the best,followed by Bacillus and Actinomycetes.Different treatments of fermentation liquid irrigation had good effects on the growth quality of Chinese cabbage,of which the effect of adding Aspergillus niger and actinomycetes fermentation was the best,followed by adding bacillus.The soil porosity increased with the addition of microbial agents,and the average value was 1.76%higher than that of the water control.The addition of Aspergillus niger fermentation broth had the highest increase in soil porosity.Compared with the water control,the soil pH and organic matter content increased by 0.33%and 19.2%,respectively,after irrigation with Aspergillus niger fermentation broth.To sum up,adding Aspergillus niger has the best effect on the growth and quality of Chinese cabbage and has no effect on soil porosity.