强化理论联合赋能理论的健康教育在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用

Effects of health education based on reinforcement theory combined with empowerment theory in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨强化理论联合赋能理论的健康教育在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2018年1月—2021年1月丽水市中医院呼吸内科收治的80例COPD患者作为研究对象。采用随机数字表1∶1随机分为对照组和观察组各40例,对照组给予常规健康教育和常规心理干预,观察组给予强化理论联合赋能理论的健康教育,比较两组干预前后的肺部康复依从性,简明心境问卷(POMS-SF)、健康行为测定量表(HPLP)得分。结果干预后,两组肺部康复依从性总分及各维度得分均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组精力-活力得分高于干预前,观察组高于对照组,其他维度得分低于干预前,观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组HPLP各维度得分均高于干预前,观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强化理论联合赋能理论的健康教育应用于COPD患者中,能提高患者的康复依从性,有效改善其心境状态,促进患者的健康行为养成。

Objective To explore the effects of health education based on reinforcement theory combined with empowerment theory in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods From January 2018 to January 2021,convenience sampling was used to select 80 COPD patients admitted to the Respiratory Department of Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine as the subject.Patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group with 40 cases each in a 1∶1 ratio using the random number table.The control group received routine health education and psychological intervention,while the observation group was treated with health education based on reinforcement theory combined with empowerment theory.The pulmonary rehabilitation compliance,Short Form of the Profile of Mood States(POMS-SF)and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile(HPLP)scores before and after intervention were compared between two groups.Results After intervention,the total score and all dimension scores of pulmonary rehabilitation compliance in both groups were higher than those before intervention,and the observation group scored higher than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After intervention,the energy-vitality scores of the two groups were higher than those before intervention,the observation group scored higher than the control group,and the scores of other dimensions were lower than those before intervention,the observation group scored lower than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of HPLP in all dimensions in both groups were higher than those before intervention,and the observation group scored higher than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusions Health education based on reinforcement theory combined with empowerment theory for COPD patients can enhance their rehabilitation compliance,effectively improve their mental state,and promote the development of healthy behaviors.