欧洲现代化的多重性及其走向

The Multiplicity of European Modernization and Its Direction

欧洲作为世界现代化的策源地,通过一系列变革实现了自身的现代化。现代化的主要特征是工业化,现代化的欧洲本质上是工业的欧洲。然而,欧洲现代化具有多重性:为欧洲带来发展红利的同时,也把世界其他地区卷入了全球化的浪潮,固化了发达国家与发展中国家之间的不平等状态;通过聚集全球的人才和经济资源,建立并维系着自身的现代国家福利制度,而这一制度正反噬着已经过度现代化的欧洲,并使其陷入了自毁性的危机。

Europe,as the origin of global modernization,has achieved its own modernization through a series of transformative processes.The primary characteristic of this modernization is industrialization,making Europe essentially an industrialized continent.However,European modernization exhibits multiple facets:while it brings about developmental benefits for Europe itself,it also draws the rest of the world into the wave of globalization,and reinforces the disparities between developed and developing nations.By attracting global talent and economic resources,Europe has established and maintained its own comprehensive welfare system,nevertheless,this very system now poses challenges to an excessively overmodernized Europe by driving it towards self-destructive crises.