用于冬季温室的集热器优化设计

Optimization Design of Heat Collector for Greenhouse in Winter

制作新型太阳能平板集热器,使其在我国东北冬季的平均集热效率达到40%~62%。该热量用于温室冬季采暖,选择与集热效率最相关的3个因素,即盖板类型、吸热板结构、保温层材料,进行混合型正交试验设计,并分析所选因素与试验指标间的关系。通过极差分析得到当采用双层中空玻璃盖板加反光镜,“V”型吸热板结构及保温材料为聚乙烯板时,集热器的集热性能最好。

A new type of solar flat collector was made,and its average heat collection efficiency in winter in Northeast China was 40%-62%.The heat was used for greenhouse heating in winter.Three factors that are most related to heat collection efficiency were chosen,namely,the type of cover plate,the shape of the heat absorption plate structure,and the insulation material,the mixed-type orthogonal test design was carried out,and the relationship between the selected factors and the test indexes were analyzed.The range analysis shows that the collector had the best heat collection performance when a double-layer hollow glass cover plate with reflector,a V-type heat absorption plate structure and polyethylene plate insulation material were used.