基于多轴载荷投影构建轮辋双轴疲劳损伤模型

Building biaxial fatigue damage model of wheel rims based on multi-axial loads projection theory

针对轮辋疲劳试验载荷谱编制过程中损伤等价和试验加速的难点,结合轮辋结构自身特点,从损伤等效的角度对实际工况中轮辋承受的载荷进行了较为全面系统的分析,引入了多轴载荷投影的概念,构建了轮辋双轴疲劳损伤模型,在此基础上提出轮辋双轴疲劳试验载荷谱编制和试验加速的方法。在公共道路典型路面实车采集了约5000 km车轮轮辋时域数据,采用本文方法对获得的数据开展了轮辋双轴疲劳损伤的等效分析。结果表明:相较于单轴的轮辋径向疲劳试验和弯曲疲劳试验,本文提出的轮辋双轴疲劳试验方法在复现实际工况损伤方面具有显著的优越性。

Difficulties of damage equivalence and test accelerating in making load spectrums of fatigue test of wheel rims were concentrated in this paper.Systematic and comprehensive analysis of loads acting on wheel rims in real conditions was carried out for damage equivalence.Biaxial fatigue damage model of wheel rims was built,introducing multiaxial loads projection theory and concept,based on which method of making load spectrums of biaxial fatigue test and its acceleration of wheel rims were presented.About 5000 km time domain data of wheel forces were gathered on typical public roads.Equivalent biaxial fatigue damages of wheel rims were calculated using the presented method with the obtained data.The results highlighted the superiority of the method of biaxial fatigue test of wheel rims,and also exposed the limitation of uniaxial radial fatigue test and bending fatigue test of wheel rims.