具有高效吸能特性的新型仿蜂窝多级薄壁结构

New honeycomb multi-stage thin-walled structure with high efficiency energy absorption characteristics

针对现有薄壁结构存在比吸能不高、压缩力效率较低的问题,以蜂窝为原型,模拟蜂窝多级嵌套结构,进行仿生结构优化设计。为了更好地探究形状参数对吸能能力的影响,进一步以相对旋转角度及加强柱直径为设计变量,设计了共20种仿蜂窝多级薄壁结构。运用3D打印技术,制备了尼龙材质的仿蜂窝多级薄壁结构样件,并进行准静态压缩试验。最后,对比分析了数值模拟结果与试验结果,得出以下结论:本文吸能能力最强的模型为YMT20-3.6,比吸能达到了10.87 J·g^(-1),较初始模型YMT0-0提高了约86%;旋转角度越大,加强柱直径越大,模型截面面积分布越均匀,模型变形模式也趋于对称,其能量吸收能力也更强;较大的旋转角度拥有更优异的吸能能力,但是其压缩力效率较小。增大模型加强柱直径能够减少旋转角度对压缩力效率的影响,提高模型的压缩力效率,从而得到吸能能力强、压缩力效率高的薄壁结构。

The existing thin-walled structure has the problem of low specific energy absorption and low compression efficiency.The honeycomb was used as a prototype to simulate the multi-level nested structure of honeycomb and the optimization design of bionic structure was carried out.In order to better explore the influence of shape parameters on energy absorption capacity,a total of 20 honeycomb multi-stage thin-walled structures were designed based on the relative rotation angle and the diameter of the reinforced column.Using 3D printing technology,a multi-stage thin-walled structure sample of imitation honeycomb made of nylon was prepared,and a quasi-static compression test was carried out.Finally,the numerical simulation results and experimental results are compared and analyzed,and the following conclusions are drawn:the model with the strongest energy absorption capacity in this paper is YMT20-3.6,reaching 10.87 J·g^(−1),which is about 86%higher than that of the initial model YMT0-0.The larger the rotation angle,the larger the diameter of the reinforcement column,the more uniform the distribution of the cross-sectional area of the model,the symmetrical deformation mode of the model,and the stronger its energy absorption capacity.A larger rotation angle has better energy absorption,but its compression force efficiency is less.Increasing the diameter of the model strengthening column can reduce the influence of rotation angle on the compression force efficiency and improve the compression force efficiency of the model,so as to obtain a thin-walled structure with strong energy absorption capacity and high compression force efficiency.