“灵活应变”与“渐进修正”——威尔士小城镇公共微空间的自下而上形态特征与建构机制研究

ªFlexible ResponseºandªGradual Correctionº:Research on Bottom-Up Form Characteristics and Construction Mechanism of Micro Public Spaces in Welsh Small Towns

充分理解小城镇中微尺度公共空间的自下而上建构机制,是在小城镇更新中根据不同地方居民的多元需求重构特色公共空间的基础和前提。本文以英国威尔士考布里奇小镇为例,通过深入分析历史影响下的“开放院落”和“城堡公园”两种特色公共微空间,从空间构成、演化途径、利用模式、影响因素等方面,解读“灵活应变”和“渐进修正”两种形式公共微空间的形态特征和建构机制;通过研究案例在地方文脉传承、多样化场所营建和多元价值平衡等方面的启示,讨论规划师和设计师在微尺度上发挥专业作用时要关注的问题,为我国小城镇更新和特色公共微空间营造提供参考。

Understanding the bottom-up construction mechanism of micro public spaces in small towns is the basis and premise of reconstructing characteristic public spaces according to the diverse needs of different local residents in the process of small town renewal.Taking Cowbridge in Wales as an example,this paper analyzes two kinds of characteristic micro public spaces,namely“opened courtyard”and“castle park”,and interprets the construction mechanism of“flexible response”and“gradual correction”from the aspects of space composition,evolutionary approaches,usage mode and influencing factors.Through the enlightenment of the case study on the inheritance of local context,the construction of diversified places and the balance of multiple values,this paper discusses the problems that planners and designers should pay attention to when they take professional works of small and micro scale,so as to provide reference for the renewal of small towns and the construction of micro public spaces in China.