2006—2022年某地石棉肺疾病负担分析

Primary analysis of the burden of asbestosis disease in Tongzhou District of Beijing from 2006 to 2022

目的 分析2006—2022年北京市通州区石棉肺疾病负担情况,为制定职业性尘肺病防治措施提供重要参考依据。方法 选择“中国疾病预防控制信息系统-职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”中所保存的2006-2022年通州区石棉肺病例以及“人口死亡信息登记管理系统”中上报石棉肺死亡病例数据实施回顾性分析。描述不同时间的石棉肺伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALY)水平变化情况。不同性别、分期、年龄段的石棉肺DALY水平对比。结果 共上报石棉肺病例228人,男性76人,女性152人,平均年龄为(64.28±13.64)岁,平均接尘工龄为(19.86±9.11)年。全部病例的年龄段分布中,以45~<60岁和60~<70岁的构成比最高,分别为29.82%和28.07%。患者的分期中,以壹期的占比最高,共172人(占75.44%)。石棉肺DALY合计159.12人年,伤残损失寿命年为148.91人年,早死损失寿命年为10.21人年。女性的DALY数值高于男性,壹期的DALY数值高于贰期和叁期,45~<60岁的DALY数值高于其他年龄段。结论 2006-2022年的北京市通州区的石棉肺病例具有一定的疾病负担,性别、疾病分期、年龄同DALY的数值之间具有一定的关联性。

Objective The burden of asbestosis in Tongzhou District of Beijing from 2006 to 2022 was analyzed,providing an important reference for the prevention and treatment of occupational pneumoconiosis.Methods Asbestosis cases in Tongzhou District from 2006 to 2022 from the“China Disease Prevention and Control Information System-Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Factors Monitoring Information System”and the data of asbestosis death cases from the“Population Death Information Registration and Management System”were retrospectively analyzed.The changes in disability-adjusted life years(DALY)levels of asbestosis over time were characterized.Comparisons of DALY levels in different sex,stage,and age groups of asbestosis were performed.Results A total of 228 cases of asbestos lung disease were reported,including 76 males and 152 females.The average age was(64.28±13.64)years,and the average age of exposure to dust was(19.86±9.11)years.In the age distribution of all cases,the proportion of 45~<60 years old and 60~<70 years old were the highest,which were 29.82%and 28.07%,respectively.Among the stages of the patients,the proportion of Stage I was the highest,with a total of 172 patients(75.44%).The total DALY of asbestosis was 159.12 person-years,the life lost due to disability was 148.91 person-years,and the life lost due to premature death was 10.21 person-years.The DALY value of women was higher than that of men,the DALY value of stage 1 was higher than those of Stage 2 and Stage 3,and the DALY value of 45~<60 years old was higher than that of other ages.Conclusion The cases of asbestos lung disease in the Tongzhou District of Beijing from 2006 to 2022 have a particular disease burden.Sex,disease stage,and age correlate with the DALY value.