司空图诗歌中的常用意象及其文化意蕴研究

SThe Common Images and Cultural Implications in the Poems of SiKong Tu

司空图是晚唐著名诗论家、诗人,虽一生屡遭离乱,但其诗歌中很少反映混乱的社会状况,而以写景为主。意象是以象征性为基本特征的达到人类审美理想的表意之象,意象的选用反映了诗人对世界的思考和感情。司空图在诗歌中最常选用菊、鹤、松这三种意象,偏爱描绘清淡自然的画面。联系司空图的意象观,其诗歌中菊、鹤、松意象的选用,蕴含着司空图儒释道三家合流的文化心理,该文化心理正是晚唐诗人的典型心理。

Sikongtu was a famous poet and critic of the Late Tang Dynasty.Sikongtu’s life suffered from repeated turmoil,but his poems seldom reflect the chaotic social conditions,and the content is mainly about scenery.Imagery,characterized primarily by its symbolism to achieve human aesthetic ideals,reflects the poet’s thoughts and emotions about the world.According to statistics,Sikongtu most often used chrysanthemums,cranes,and pines in his poems,and favored the depiction of light and natural images in his poems.By examining Sikong Tu’s view on imagery and his choice of images,one can discern the cultural psychology behind them,which is a blend of Confucianism,Buddhism,and Taoism.In fact,this cultural psychology of Sikongtu is typical of late Tang poets.