破解体育赛事数据法律保护困境:赛事数据使用权益模式

Breaking the Legal Dilemma of Sports Data:The Rights of Sports Data Usage

大数据时代体育赛事数据的商业和技术价值不言而喻,为保障赛事组织者的赛事数据权益,理论界提出“确权”保护模式,即依托现有的法律规范或通过立新法进行确权的形式,赋予赛事组织者以赛事数据的相关权利。但由于赛事数据权益主体多、客体类型复杂,以“确权”模式保护体育赛事数据存在着权利内容不明晰、隐私数据保护难的法律困境。因此,可尝试转变对赛事数据权益的保护思路,搁置确权,促进流通,实现收益。构建赛事数据“使用权益”模式,以营利与否决定赛事数据“使用许可”的程度,保障赛事组织者利益;对赛事数据进行分类分级,规范采集、使用标准,加强对运动员隐私数据的保护。从而在赛事数据采集、使用、收益、隐私保护之间达到平衡,实现数据权益。

It s no doubt that sports event data have commercial and technical value.To safeguard the data rights of sports event organizers,the academia has proposed the“rights confirmation”protection model.This model involves relying on existing legal norms or through legislative measures,either by endowing sports event organizers with relevant rights to event data.However,due to the multiple rights subjects and complex data types in sports events,the“rights confirmation model”suffers from unclear rights content and challenges in protecting privacy data,which has brought about legal dilemmas and difficulties for judicial determination.Therefore,it may be worthwhile to consider a shift in the approach to protecting data rights in sports events.Instead of focusing on rights confirmation,efforts could be made to promote data circulation and revenue generation.This could be achieved by establishing a“usage rights”model for sports event data,where the extent of data“usage licenses”is determined by whether the use is for profit or not,thus safeguarding the interests of sports event organizers.Additionally,the classification and grading of sports event data should be implemented,along with the standardization of data collection and usage practices,while enhancing the protection of athletes privacy data.The ultimate goal is to strike a balance among data collection,usage,revenue generation,and privacy protection within the realm of sports event data rights.