贵州荞麦的种植问题初探(1368-1949)

Discussion on Cultivation of Buckwheat in Guizhou Province(1368-1949)

荞麦在明至民国时期是贵州广泛种植的粮食作物,其种植有着独特的自然环境和社会环境。通过分析历史文献和地方志,旨在探讨该时期贵州地区荞麦种植的问题。由于贵州独特的自然条件及外来移民、政治力量和积谷备荒思想等因素的影响,荞麦在贵州地区得到了广泛传播,其分布随时间的推移在种植区域上呈上升趋势,种植面积随时间的推移呈曲折式发展态势。数百年来,荞麦的食用、救荒、文化、药用等价值对缓解贵州的饥荒之苦、促进贵州经济多元化发展和丰富贵州饮食文化多样性产生了深远的影响。对明至民国时期贵州荞麦种植进行研究,能够深化对贵州荞麦种植史的认识,开发贵州荞麦资源,打造绿色高产荞麦经济带,发展荞麦特色产业链,助力乡村振兴。

Buckwheat was widely cultivated in Guizhou with a unique natural and social environment from the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China.Through the analysis of historical documents and local chronicles,the paper aims to explore the issue of buckwheat planting in Guizhou during this period.Due to the unique natural conditions of Guizhou and the influence of immigration,political power and the idea of storing up grain against famine,buckwheat was widely spread in Guizhou;its distribution shows an upward trend over time,and its planting area developed in a zigzag pattern over time.For hundreds of years,the values of buckwheat consumption,famine alleviation,cultural and medicinal use have had a profound impact on Guizhou,alleviating its famine,promoting the diversified development of Guizhou economy and enriching the diversity of Guizhou food culture.The study of buckwheat planting in Guizhou from the Ming dynasty to the Republic of China can deepen the understanding of buckwheat planting history in Guizhou,develop Guizhou buckwheat resources,build green and high-yield buckwheat economic belt,develop buckwheat characteristic industrial chain,and provide support for rural revitalization.