以复古求新变:张说碑志文新探

Seeking Innovation through Retrogression:A New Exploration of Zhang Yue’s Epitaphs

受唐代文体革新的时代风气的影响,针对六朝碑志文写作的弊端,张说开始了以复古求新变的碑志文变革实践。他引史传写法入碑志,淡化宗族世系、重视人物性习,语体形式上骈散交融,风格上追求典雅,这些变革既体现了向蔡邕开创的碑文写作范式的复归,又为碑志文写作范式的变革开启了法门。张说的碑志文中交织着新旧范式变革阶段旧中有新,新中有旧的阶段性特点,成为从“蔡邕体”走向“韩愈体”的津梁,是碑志文学史上的重要一环。

Influenced by the trend of literary style innovation in the Tang Dynasty,Zhang Yue began a practice of transforming the epitaph style so as to overcome the shortcomings of epitaph in the Six Dynasties,seeking innovation through retrogression.He incorporated the method of historical biographies into the epitaphs,downplaying clan genealogies and focusing on disposition.He blended parallel and prose styles in language style,and pursued the manner of elegance.These changes not only represented the return to the writing paradigm of epitaphs pioneered by Cai Yong,but also opened the door to the transformation of the writing paradigm of epitaphs.His epitaphs are characterized by the presence of new in the old and the presence of old in the new at the stage of the transformation between old and new paradigms.Zhang Yue’s epitaph is an important part of the history of epitaph literature,acting as a bridge between the“Cai Yong style”and the“Han Yu style”,which is full of value and meaning in the history of epitaph literature.