19世纪末20世纪初英国反犹主义的动因探究

An Exploration of the Causes of Anti-Semitism in Britain in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries

19世纪末20世纪初英国的反犹主义是多种因素共同作用的结果。种族反犹主义者从优生学、人种等方面贬低犹太人,该思潮传播到英国后,给犹太人带来巨大危害。而后,随着东欧犹太移民的涌入,激起英国社会的普遍不满,英国的反犹情绪不断升温。此外,由于布尔战争和《锡安长老议定书》犹太阴谋论的散播,犹太人被指责从政治、经济、外交等方面控制英国,反犹浪潮此起彼伏。总体来看,19世纪末20世纪初英国反犹主义的产生,既有种族反犹主义者的宣传,又受到东欧犹太移民与犹太阴谋论的影响,共同构成英国反犹主义的原因,某种程度上体现了英国主流社会与少数族群、本土犹太人与犹太移民之间的矛盾。

Anti-Semitism in Britain was the culmination of various factors in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.Racial Anti-Semites denigrated Jews on the grounds of eugenics and race,with such ideologies causing significant harm upon reaching Britain.The arrival of Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe incited widespread dissatisfaction within British society,fueling the rise of anti-Semitic sentiment.Furthermore,the dissemination of conspiracy theories related to the Boer War and the Protocols of the Elders of Zion accused Jews of exerting undue influence over British politics,economy,and foreign policy,intensifying anti-Semitic waves.The rise of anti-Semitism in this period can be attributed to racial anti-Semitic propaganda,the impact of Jewish immigration from Eastern Europe,and prevalent conspiracy theories.Collectively,these elements fostered anti-Semitism in Britain,reflecting underlying tensions between the mainstream British society and minority groups,including both native Jews and Jewish immigrants.