放射性损伤相关防治药物研究进展

Progress of research on the preventive and therapeutic agents against radiation-induced injuries

放射性损伤是指由于射线照射而引起的机体功能损害,其损害程度与照射剂量、持续时间以及照射速率等有关,主要源于临床对恶性肿瘤患者的放射性治疗。由于缺乏针对放射性损伤的特异性药物,目前临床治疗原则多为减轻损伤程度、缓解症状和促进损伤部位功能恢复。开展放射性损伤防治药物的研究对于减少放射治疗对机体造成的损害,提高肿瘤幸存者的生活质量具有重要的意义。本文对放射性损伤及其机制、辐射防护剂和辐射治疗药物进行综述,并提出未来的发展方向,为临床减轻辐射损害程度、促进预后提供参考。

Radiation-induced injury,a body dysfunction caused by irradiation,is associated with the dose,duration,and speed of radiation and is predominantly derived from radiation therapy for patients with malignant tumors.The current clinical treatment mainly includes amelioration of injury,alleviation of symptoms,and improvements in function restoration of the affected sites because of lack of targeted agents specific to radiation-induced injuries.Research and development of preventive and therapeutic agents against radiation-induced injuries are of great significance to reduce the body damages caused by radiotherapy and improve the quality of life of cancer survivors.This review summarizes the radiation-induced injury and its mechanisms,radioprotectants,and therapeutic agents for radiation,and proposes future development directions,so as to provide a reference for alleviation of radiation-induced injury and improvement in prognosis.