论行政许可事项的合理设定

On the Rational Setting of Administrative Licensing Matters

行政许可事项的合理设定是我国《行政许可法》和《优化营商环境条例》的要求,也有助于推进规制改革和政府职能转变。行政许可事项的合理设定以应对市场失灵,配合国家政策执行等正当现实需求为基础。设定者应以许可事项与许可规制能力范围的匹配为考量,将行政许可用于适合由其规制的事项上。行政许可事项的合理设定还应恪守必要性限度,遵循自生秩序优先、柔性工具优先等设定原则,审慎利用许可规制,以求实现更好的规制。

The rational setting of administrative licensing matters is the requirement for the setting of license in the Administrative Licensing Law and the Regulation on Optimizing the Business Environment.It helps to push forward regulation reform and the reformation of government functions.The rational setting of administrative licensing matters is based on the practical needs of justification,such as“responding to market failures”and“conforming with the implementation of national policies”.The enactment agent should,by taking into account the match between the licensing matters and the scope of the license tools’capacity,use administrative license for matters that are suitable for license tools.The rational setting of administrative licensing matters should also adhere to the limit of“necessity”principles,and to the setting principles of self-generated order to first refusal and flexible tools to first refusal,and use license tools prudently for achieving a better regulation.