试论我国高校招生录取制度改革的三大价值转向

The Three Value Shifts of the Reform of the Enrollment and Admission System in Chinese Universities

马克思主义将人的全面而自由的发展作为最高价值追求,主张人的自觉能动性、创造性和自主性应得到全面发展。进入新时代,高等教育在教育需求、教育目标、人才规格、培养方式、评价标准等方面发生重大转变,更加注重人的个性发展,迫切要求高校招生录取制度改革实现三大价值转向:科学选才观由单一高考总分标准转向以高考分数为主、兼顾多元标准,公平选才观由片面追求形式公平转向更加注重实质公平,高效选才观由一档一投录取转向一档多投、智能匹配。高校招生录取制度改革的终极目标是实现学生专长特长与高校多样化特色专业的稳定匹配,促进人的自由发展和社会和谐发展。

Marxism regards the comprehensive and free development of individuals as the ultimate pursuit of value,emphasizing the holistic cultivation of human beings'conscious initiative,creativity,and autonomy.The popularization of higher education has led to significant transformations in educational demand,educational objectives,talent specifications,training methods,evaluation standards,and other aspects.Greater emphasis has been placed on the development of human personality.Consequently,there is an urgent need for reforming the enrollment and admission system in universities to achieve three major shifts in values.First,the scientific concept of talent selection necessitates a transition from relying solely on the total score of the college entrance examination to considering multiple criteria within the examination scores.Second,the fair concept of talent selection requires a shift from an exclusive emphasis on formal fairness to placing greater importance on substantial fairness.Third,the efficient concept of talent selection demands a shift from single enrollment to multiple enrollments and intelligent matching.The ultimate goal of reforming the college enrollment and admission system is to achieve a stable alignment between students'unique abilities and diverse specialties offered by colleges and universities,thereby promoting the free development of individuals and the harmonious development of society.