英汉中动构式主语施事性强度的比较研究

The comparative study of subject agentivity strengths in English and Chinese middles

中动构式主语具有施事性。从原型范畴、语义角色和距离象似性等三个视角出发,本研究借助语料数据分析英汉中动构式主语施事性强度。研究发现:依据原型施事和原型受事的属性特征,英汉起始类、过程类、结尾类中动构式的主语施事性强度呈现由高到低的趋势;在工具类主语的使用比例上,英语中动构式高于汉语中动构式;依据主谓相邻的比例,汉语中动构式主语施事性强度大于英语中动构式。本研究最后运用语言类型学理论阐释英汉中动构式主语施事性强度的差异。本研究有助于人们更好地习得、掌握、使用中动构式,同时还例释了多角度协同论证方法的实践价值。

The middle subject has agentivity.This study tries to contrast the subject agentivity strengths in English and Chinese middles,in light of such three perspectives as prototype,semantic roles and distance iconicity,based on the investigation into middles in sample corpus.The major findings are as follows:based on the attributes of the proto-agent and the proto-patient,the subject agentivity strengths in English and Chinese beginning-oriented middles are the highest,while those in the end-oriented middles the lowest;as for the proportion of instrumental subjects,English middles are higher than Chinese middles;based on distance iconicity,the subject agentivity strengths in Chinese middles are higher than those in English middles.The study concludes by applying the linguistic typology theory to explain the differences in the subject agentivity strengths in English and Chinese middles.This study contributes to the better acquisition,mastery and use of English and Chinese middles,and illustrates the practical values of the multi-perspective collaborative argumentation method.