数字文旅企业时空格局演化及区位选择影响机理——以西安市为例

Evolution of spatio-temporal patterns of digital cultural tourism enterprises and the mechanism of their location selection:An example of Xi’an

数字经济时代,数字文旅企业作为文旅产业与数字经济融合共生的主要载体,其在赋能文旅产业数字化转型与高质量发展中扮演着重要角色。文中以2011、2017和2022年西安市数字文旅企业数据为基础,综合运用平均最近邻指数、标准差椭圆、核密度估计等计量地理学方法就西安市数字文旅企业的时空格局演变、集聚特征和分布趋向进行定量分析,并运用地理加权回归模型探索其区位选择的影响因素与内在机理。研究发现:1)西安市数字文旅企业整体分布随时间推移始终保持显著的空间集聚特征。2)分布密度由主城区向郊区外围扩散式递减,形成“主城区密,周边疏”的特征,且热点集聚区位于雁塔区。3)2011至2022年,西安市数字文旅企业分布的标准差椭圆中心轨迹向东北偏移,分布态势从“东(略偏北)-西(略偏南)”到“东北-西南”演进。4)有别于传统区位理论,数字文旅企业的区位选择已经不再依托于地价水平、交通区位、人口密度等常规因素,而经济活力和产业集聚要素对数字文旅企业的区位选择有正向促进作用。研究将为西安及其他城市数字文旅企业空间分布、区位选择重组优化等提供一定的科学参考和借鉴。

In the era of digital economy,the digital cultural tourism enterprises,as the main carriers of the integration and symbiosis between cultural tourism industry and digital economy,play an important role in empowering the digital transformation and high-quality development of cultural tourism industry.Based on the data of digital cultural tourism enterprises in Xi'an in 2011,2017 and 2022,this study uses mean nearest neighbor index,standard deviation ellipse and kernel density estimation to analyze the spatial pattern of digital cultural tourism enterprises in Xi'an,and explores the influencing factors and internal mechanisms of their location selection using geographically weighted regression models.The results show:1)The overall distribution of digital cultural tourism enterprises in Xi'an maintains significant spatial clustering characteristics over time.2)The distribution density decreases from the main urban area to the periphery of the suburbs,forming the characteristic of"dense in the main urban area and sparse in the periphery",and the hot spot clustering area is located in Yanta district.3)From 2011 to 2022,the center of the standard deviation ellipse of the distribution of digital cultural tourism enterprises in Xi'an shifts to the northeast,and the distribution pattern evolves from"east(slightly north)-west(slightly south)"to"northeast-southwest".4)In contrast to traditional location theory,the location choice of digital tourism enterprises no longer depends on conventional factors such as land price,traffic accessibility,and population density,but economic vitality and industrial agglomeration have a positive effect on the location choice of digital tourism enterprises.The study provides some scientific references for the spatial distribution and location selection and reorganization optimization of digital tourism enterprises in Xi'an and other cities.