三角拖运策略下的拖运企业联盟利润分配

Profit distribution of drayage enterprise alliance under triangular drayage strategy

为帮助拖运企业实现高运转与低成本的均衡化运营,提出一种基于“三角拖运”策略的拖运企业联盟模式。首先,构建一个两阶段利润分配模型,用于完成联盟内集卡调度、集装箱路径规划及联盟内部企业间的利润分配;然后,以一个集装箱港口的拖运企业联盟为例,利用CPLEX完成对模型验证与分析。算例结果表明:基于“三角拖运”的联盟模式可有效提高拖运效率和联盟利润;基于利润与贡献的最小二乘值利润分配方法中,自身利润越大、贡献越高的企业分得的联盟利润越多,但随着利润重要度参数的增加,贡献较高的企业分得的联盟利润逐渐下降;客户满意度、资源投入、风险承担能力等影响因素的权重与企业的分配利润呈正相关。与平均分配法及Shapley值法等传统利润分配方法对比,本文提出的两阶段利润分配模型有效提高了联盟企业合作的稳定性。

To help drayage enterprises achieve a balanced op⁃eration of high transfer and low cost,a drayage enterprise alli⁃ance model based on the“triangle transport”strategy was pro⁃posed.Firstly,a two⁃stage profit allocation model was con⁃structed to facilitate the tasks of truck scheduling,container route planning and profit distribution among the enterprises within the alliance.Then,taking a drayage enterprise alliance in a container terminal as a study case,the designed model was verified and analyzed by using CPLEX.Results show that the drayage efficiency and the alliance profit are improved by the proposed alliance mode based on“triangular drayage”.In the least square profit distribution method based on profit and contribution,the enterprises with high⁃level profitability and contribution in alliance are allocated more reward,but their profit share decrease gradually as the increase of profit impor⁃tance parameter among enterprises alliance.The weight of in⁃fluencing factors such as customer satisfaction,resource in⁃vestment,and risk bearing capacity is positively correlated with the enterprise distributed profits.Compared with tradi⁃tional profit distribution methods such as the average distribu⁃tion method and Shapley value method,the two⁃stage profit distribution model effectively improves the stability of alliance enterprise cooperation.