细胞外囊泡在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的作用

The roles of extracellular vesicles in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)是以不完全可逆的气流受限为特征的慢性气道炎症性疾病,是全球第3位死亡原因。COPD的病理机制复杂,其具体发病机制仍不清楚。细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicle,EV),包括外泌体、微泡(microvesicle,MV)和凋亡小体(apoptotic body,AB),携带细胞来源相关的多种蛋白质、脂类、DNA、mRNA、microRNA等,参与细胞间通讯、细胞迁移、血管新生和免疫调节等过程。EV在肺部疾病中的作用引起了极大关注。文章就近年来涉及EV与COPD的相关研究作一综述。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),the third leading cause of death worldwide,is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by incompletely reversible airflow limitations.The pathogenesis of COPD is complex,and the specific mechanisms are still unclear.Extracellular vesicles(EVs),including exosomes,microvesicles(MVs),and apoptotic bodies(ABs),carry various proteins,lipids,DNA,mRNA and microRNA,and other cell-derived components,participating in processes such as intercellular communication,cell migration,angiogenesis,and immune regulation.In recent years,the role of EVs in pulmonary diseases has attracted significant attention.This article provides a review of recent studies on the relationships between EVs and COPD.