民族地区巩固脱贫成果的现代化社会动员:特征、挑战与策略

Modernized Social Mobilization for Consolidating the Achievements of Poverty Alleviation in Ethnic Minority Areas:Characteristics,Challenges,and Strategies

社会动员是有效推进民族地区巩固脱贫成果和乡村振兴的重要手段,是实现民族地区基层社会治理创新的工作方法。民族地区的基层社会动员在动员政策、动员效能、动员融入度、动员接点以及动员目标等方面有其自身特殊性。基层社会动员掣肘于民族动员政策衔接机制不健全、民族自治区域基层社会动员组织结构脱嵌、民族地区社会动员工具选择单一,以及动员治理场域环境排斥等问题。在中国式现代化道路上,亟需建立以提高民族地区巩固脱贫成果社会动员效能为目标导向的优化机制。首先,通过深入跟进民族地区巩固脱贫成果的社会动员实践对接机制,及时防范边缘性、规模性返贫,建立与民族地区乡村振兴动员举措相匹配的精准有效衔接机制;其次,强化民族地区巩固脱贫成果社会动员主体权威性,积极提高巩固脱贫成果社会动员客体主体性,构建民族地区巩固脱贫成果的社会动员生态关系格局;再次,坚持巩固脱贫成果社会动员方式的灵活性与动员载体的多样性,提升民族地区现代化基层社会动员能力;最后,坚持民族地区以人民为中心的巩固脱贫成果理念,打造中华民族共同体特征的巩固脱贫成果社会动员规模效应。

Effective social mobilization is an important means to effectively promote the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements and rural revitalization in ethnic minority areas,and it also is a working method to achieve innovative grassroots social governance in ethnic regions.What is more,securing and strengthening the achievements of poverty alleviation as well as realizing rural community improvement is an important task of the Chinese path to modernization and a prerequisite for accomplishing the goal of common prosperity.Especially in the western ethnic minority areas where poverty was concentrated and contiguous,timely prevention of large-scale poverty return and quality improvement of the social life of ethnic minority populations are important tasks for the Party and the state.With the transformation of poverty eradication at the national level together with comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization strategies,grassroots social mobilization in ethnic minority areas has its unique characteristics and challenges in terms of mobilization policies,mobilization effectiveness,mobilization integration,mobilization points,and mobilization goals.In addition,due to the general complexity of ethnic regional autonomous governance,ethnic poverty alleviation policies,the environment of ethnic minority villages,natural resource endowments,ethnic-religious organizations,and their cultural-ecological relationships,more requirements have been put forward for social mobilization to consolidate poverty alleviation achievements in western ethnic regions.In securing and reinforcing the achievements of poverty reduction and comprehensively promoting rural transformation and growth in ethnic minority areas,grassroots social mobilization appears to be hindered by many problems.Examples are an imperfect linkage mechanism of ethnic mobilization policies,detachment of the grassroots social mobilization organizational structure in ethnic autonomous regions,a single choice of social mobilization tools in ethnic minority areas,and environmental exclusion of the mobilization and governance field in ethnic minority areas.Therefore,on the road of Chinese modernization,this study deems it urgent to establish an optimization mechanism aimed at improving the effectiveness of social mobilization for consolidating poverty alleviation achievements in ethnic minority areas.This article,moreover,proposes the following suggestions:1)By comprehensively following up on the social mobilization practice docking mechanism for consolidating poverty alleviation achievements in ethnic minority areas,one should timely prevent marginal as well as large-scale sliding back into poverty,and aim to establish a precise and effective linkage mechanism that matches the mobilization measures for rural revitalization in ethnic areas;2)one should strengthen the authority of the main body of social mobilization for consolidating poverty alleviation achievements in ethnic minority areas and actively improve the subjectivity of the object of social mobilization for safeguarding and bolstering poverty alleviation accomplishments,and construct a social mobilization ecological relationship pattern for consolidating poverty alleviation achievements in ethnic minority areas through organizational absorption;3)one ought to adhere to the flexibility of social mobilization methods and diversity of mobilization carriers for consolidating poverty alleviation achievements in ethnic minority areas,and enhance the capacity of modern grassroots social mobilization in ethnic minority areas;4)one should stand by the unique cultural characteristics of ethnic minority areas and adopt a people-centered concept of consolidating poverty eradication accomplishments,and create a social mobilization scale effect of securing and cementing poverty alleviation achievements with the characteristics of the Chinese national community.