新闻世界:新闻学元概念和问题的新探索

News World:A New Exploration of the Meta-concept and Problems in Journalism

人类对世界的认知体系中,一直存在客观世界与主观世界的二元对立。对于两个世界之间的勾连,很多哲人尝试提出过一些概念。自大众媒介诞生以来,普遍存在的新闻媒介作为一种物质性的中介,构建出新闻世界,在实践中勾连起两个世界。新闻世界的基础是客观世界,即新闻以事实为本源,强调具体事实和整体事实的有机统一;同时,新闻世界构建的是基于客观世界的认知世界,即偏向于主观世界和意义世界。新闻世界物质性地勾连起客观世界与主观世界。新闻世界以构建、调整关系为核心和意义追求,突破了当前新闻学的知识体系所镌刻着工业革命的时代基因以及以文本为核心的底色,为建设中国特色新闻学自主知识体系提供了兼顾普遍和特殊、共时与历时的元概念,亦对反哺哲学和社会科学有所裨益。

The dichotomy between the objective world and the subjective world exists in the system of human perception of the world.The connection between the two worlds has been conceptualized by many philosophers.Since the birth of mass media,the prevalent news media has served as a material intermediary to construct the news world,linking the two worlds from practice.The news world is rooted in the objective world,because the news is based on facts,which emphasizes the organic unity of concrete facts and overall facts.Meanwhile,news world constructs the cognitive world based on the objective world.News world materially connects the objective world and the subjective world.With the core and meaning of constructing and adjusting relations,news world breaks through the current journalism knowledge system engraved with the genes of the industrial revolution and the text-centered foundation.News world provides a meta-concept which is both universal and particular,synchronic and diachronic for China's independent knowledge system,and it also makes a contribution to philosophy and social sciences.