美国国家研究理事会的咨询选题与组织机制

Enlightenment of the advisory topic selection and organizational mechanism of the Us National Research Council

总结了美国国家研究理事会的咨询选题机制与研究组织机制及流程特点,发现美国国家研究理事会的咨询选题多为复合型,主要集中在行为与社会科学、生物学和生命科学、计算机和信息技术、冲突和安全等方面,在服务美国国家需求、布局优先事项及消除种族歧视等多个方面发挥了有效作用;结合具体选题案例,对战略政策型、前瞻储备型和应急焦点型选题进行了分析。对智库研究选题和组织的启示为:一是聚焦国家需求,回应社会关切;二是拓展国际合作,发出中国声音;三是注重科学传播,倡导科学价值;四是规范研究过程,确保客观可信;五是创新智库方法,提高研究效率。

This paper summarizes the consultative topic selection mechanism of the National Research Council of the United States and the characteristics of the research organization mechanism and process.Most of the consultative topic selections of the National Research Council of the United States are compound,mainly concentrated on behavioral and social sciences,biology and life sciences,computer and information technology,conflict,security,etc.The mechanism has played an effective role in serving America's national needs,laying out priorities,and eliminating racial discrimination.Combined with specific topic selection cases,the strategic policy type,prospective reserve type,and emergency focus type topic selections are analyzed.Finally,several enlightenments for Chinese think tank research topic selection and organization are presented.First,we should focus on national needs,respond to social concerns.Second,we should expand international cooperation and make China's voice heard.Third,we should pay attention to science communication and advocate the value of science.Fourth,we should standardize the research process to ensure objectivity and credibility.Fifth,we should innovate think tank methods and improve research efficiency.