美国密歇根大学STEM教育实践:目标、路径与特征

STEM Education Practice at Michigan State University in the United States:Objectives,Paths,and Characteristics

STEM(科学、技术、工程、数学)教育的实施是美国综合型创新人才培养的重要手段。近年来,具有“三巨头之一”之称的密歇根大学基于现实需求与目标,依托自身所具备的资源优势,积极在全校范围内开展STEM教学研究活动,形成了一套较为完整的STEM教育体系。行动路径亮点突出,主要是借助变革性的“K-16”(幼儿园-16年级)STEM教育扩展教学价值,采取循证性的教育政策支持STEM教学运作模式,基于学科大概念引领STEM课程设计与实施,用灵活多样的数字化材料拓展STEM教学空间,活化全方位的国际社区合作重构STEM教学形态。以上路径的有效实施,使密歇根大学STEM教育体现出鲜明的特点,即平衡学术与社会的融合、关注知识与技能的开发、创造支持和激励的教学氛围。这些路径与特色在面向人工智能高速发展挑战的未来人才培养中尤为重要。

The implementation of STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics)education is an important means of cultivating comprehensive innovative talents in the United States.In recent years,Michigan State University,known as one of the“Big Three”,has actively carried out STEM teaching and a research activity throughout the university based on practical needs and goals,relying on its own resource advantages,and has formed a relatively complete STEM education system.The highlights of the ac⁃tion path are prominent,mainly by leveraging the transformative“K-16”(kindergarten-grade12)STEM education to expand teach⁃ing value,adopting evidence-based education policies to support STEM teaching operation models,leading STEM course design and implementation based on disciplinary concepts,expanding STEM teaching space with flexible and diverse digital materials,and acti⁃vating comprehensive international community cooperation to reconstruct STEM teaching forms.The effective implementation of the above paths has highlighted the distinct characteristics of STEM education at Michigan State University,namely,balancing academic and social integration,focusing on the development of knowledge and skills,and creating a supportive and motivating teaching atmo⁃sphere.These paths and characteristics are particularly important in the future talent cultivation facing the challenges of rapid devel⁃opment of artificial intelligence.