海南热带海岸海防林植被恢复的探索与实践

Exploration and Practice of Vegetation Restoration of Coastal Shelterbelt in Hainan Tropical Coast

文章分析了海南岛热带海岸存在植被生态退化问题,针对主要的退化问题钛锆砂矿废弃地的植被退化和单一树种的人工木麻黄海防林的缺陷,提出了分三步走恢复海岸海防林植被的学术思路,即恢复和巩固木麻黄海防林;建立引入乡土树种的混交林型海防林;促进混交林演替成具地带性植被特征的天然林型海防林。按照这个思路开展了近20年的海岸植被生态恢复的实证研究和应用实践,验证了其可行性,实现了初步构建乡土林型的海防林植被,达到了研究构想预期的效果。研究成果为海南岛以及华南沿海热带海岸的海防林生态恢复提供了可借鉴的范例。

Based on the analysis of the ecological degradation of vegetation in the tropical coast of Hainan Island,the main degradation problems were the vegetation degradation in the abandoned land of ti-zr sand mine and the defects of the single tree species artificial Casuarina equisetifolia coastal shelterbelt,we put forward three steps to restore the coastal coastal shelterbelt vegetation.First,to restore and consolidate the C.equiseti-folia coastal shelterbelt.Second,to establish the mixed forest type coastal shelterbelt with native tree species.And third,to promote the succession of mixed forest into natural forest-type coastal shelterbelt with zonal vegetation characteristics.According to this idea,the feasibility of ecological restoration of coastal vegetation in recent 20 years has been verified,the preliminary construction of native forest-type coastal shelterbelt vegetation has been realized and the expected effect of the research conception was achieved.The results provide a practical example for ecological restoration of coastal shelterbelt in Hainan Island and South China coastal tropical coast.