我国建筑终端电气化发展存在问题及对策建议

Status and Countermeasures for the Development of Building Terminal Electrification in China

建筑终端电气化已成为优化建筑用能结构,助力实现城乡建设领域碳达峰碳中和目标的重要举措,国家层面已明确重点领域和推进目标。当前,我国正处于电气化快速发展阶段,较国际先进水平尚有差距,且发展潜力较大。但在建筑终端电气化的重点领域,仍存在北方城镇供暖电气化任重道远,夏热冬冷地区空气源热泵采暖的适宜性亟需提高,可再生能源生活热水使用体验有待改进,高效电炉灶尚难满足居民炊事需求,政策措施不健全等关键障碍,建议加强顶层设计,注重协同推进,坚持分类施策,加快技术研发,开展试点示范,稳步提高建筑终端电气化水平,助力实现碳达峰碳中和目标。

Building terminal electrification has become a major measure to optimize the general energy structure of buildings and help achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality in urban and rural construction.The government of China has defined key areas and promotion goals at the national level.At present,China is in the stage of rapid development of electrification,and there is still a gap with the international advanced level,and the development potential of China is large.But for key areas of the building terminal electrification,there are still some major obstacles,such as the urgency to realize heating electrification in northern towns,the improvement of the suitability of air source heat pump heating in hot summer and cold winter regions,the need to improve the experience of using renewable energy-based domestic hot water,the failure to meet the demand of residents cooking by efficient electric stoves,and insufficient policy measures.This paper suggested strengthening the top-level design,focusing on coordination,following differentiated policy implementation,speeding up the technology research and development,conducting pilot demonstration,steadily improving the level of building terminal electrification,and helping achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.