“双碳”目标下中国与拉美地区清洁能源合作前景探析

Prospects for China-Latin America clean energy cooperation under the“dual carbon”goal

拉丁美洲清洁能源发展迅速,在水能、风能、太阳能、氢能等领域均取得较大进展,拥有巨大的开发潜力。近年来,中国与拉丁美洲国家清洁能源合作成果丰硕,达成多项能源战略合作协议,并从水电扩展到风电和光伏发电等领域,形成以并购为主的合作模式,未来双方合作将进一步加深。中拉清洁能源合作具有地缘政治、经济、技术等多重优势。拉美地区与中国经贸往来密切,近年来出现左翼集体当政的局势,在技术层面依托中国形成互补,双方合作前景广阔。但拉美地区的电力系统和储能设备较为落后,新冠病毒疫情后政治和社会危机不断加深,加之美国拜登政府在能源政策上的转变,使中拉合作面临着一定的挑战。为使中拉清洁能源合作不断深化,应在“一带一路”倡议下,通过“南南合作”机制开展清洁能源外交,利用“互联网+清洁能源”模式赋能清洁能源平台建设,加强清洁能源风险管理机制,共同实现经济低碳综合发展。

Latin America’s clean energy is developing rapidly,and has made great progress in the fields of hydropower,wind power,solar power,and hydrogen energy,showing the great potential for development.In recent years,China and Latin American countries have achieved fruitful results in clean energy cooperation,reached a number of strategic energy cooperation agreements,and expanded from hydropower to wind power and photovoltaic power generation and other fields,and formed a mode of cooperation dominated by mergers and acquisitions,further deepening the future cooperation between the two sides.China and Latin America clean energy cooperation has geopolitical,economic,technical,and other multiple advantages.Latin America and China have close economic and trade exchanges.In recent years,the situation of the left-wing collective government,relying on China to form a complementary technical level,the prospects for cooperation between the two sides are broad.However,the power system and energy storage facilities in Latin America are relatively backward,the deepening political and social crisis following the pandemic outbreak,coupled with the Biden administration’s shift in energy policy in the United States,have made cooperation between China and Latin America face certain challenges.In order to deepen China-Latin America clean energy cooperation,China should carry out clean energy diplomacy through the mechanism of“South-South Cooperation”under the Belt and Road Initiative,and utilize the“Internet+Clean Energy”model to empower the construction of clean energy platforms,strengthen the clean energy risk management mechanism,and jointly realize the comprehensive low-carbon development of the economy.