国际大石油公司战略目标与组织架构调整分析及启示

Analysis and inspiration for strategic objectives and organizational restructuring of IOCs

2020年以来,国际石油公司能源转型加速推进。随着2022年乌克兰危机爆发,能源转型面临“能源安全、可负担、可持续”三重挑战,国际石油公司转型战略由激进趋于稳健。受企业战略调整、组织运行效率需要等因素驱动,各公司不断调整组织架构以适应新发展要求,呈现4方面的特征:一是强调油气产业链上下游一体化运作;二是重视传统能源与低碳业务协同管理;三是重视客户价值创造相关服务;四是加速传统产业与新业态深度融合。未来,石油公司的组织转型会伴随其战略转型不断演化,建议中国石油公司理性转型并持续完善管理模式——聚焦上游盈利保障,追求整体价值创造;借鉴同行试错经验,发挥差异化竞争优势;根据产业发展需要,合理优化组织架构。

Since 2020,the energy transition of international oil companies has accelerated.With the outbreak of the Ukraine issue in 2022,the energy transition faces such triple challenges as energy security,affordability,and sustainability,and the transition strategies of international oil companies have tended to be more prudent than radical.Driven by the adjustment of corporate strategy and the need for organizational efficiency,they have continuously adjusted their organizational structure to meet the new development requirements,presenting such four characteristics as emphasizing the integrated operation of the upstream and downstream oil and gas industry chain,attaching importance to the synergistic management of the traditional energy and low-carbon business,paying attention to the services related to the value creation of the customer,and accelerating the in-depth integration of the traditional industry with the new mode of business.In the future,the organizational transition of oil companies will evolve along with their strategic transition.It is recommended that China’s oil companies rationally transform and continuously improve their management mode by focusing on upstream profit guarantee and pursuing overall value creation,draw on the trial and error experience of peers to play their differentiated competitive advantages,and rationally optimize their organizational structure in line with the needs of industrial development.