福建民间造船濒危绝技调查报告

Investigation Report on Endangered Skills of Fujian Folk Shipbuilding

20世纪70年代中期以后,全国政策性取缔木质船,普及钢板船(民间称“铁壳船”),民间木帆船造船技术迅速消失。据笔者近10余年的调查,近40年来,我国民间造船工艺濒临失传,普遍面临后继无人的局面,境况堪忧。宋人吕颐浩谓:“海舟以福建船为上,广东、西船次之,温、明州船又次之。”

Chinese traditional shipbuilding technology,originated from folk shipbuilding,is an indispensable part of China in the history of world maritime civilization.However,with the process of modernization,in the history of world navigation,there were hundreds of ships sailing east to open the East Asia route more than 1000 years earlier than the new European route,and thousands of ships sailing across the ocean more than 90 years earlier than the new European route.The shipbuilding technology that traveled through Asia,East Africa and Europe,and circled half of the world,was brilliant for thousands of years,declined for 40 years,and was almost endangered and quickly disappeared in the history of Chinese marine civilization.Especially,Fu Chuan,which represents the first of China’s three ancient ships,has no successors.It is imperative to rescue the memory heritage of China’s endangered sailing ship manufacturing.