社会变迁视角下困境儿童的积极心理(代卷首语)

Positive Development of Disadvantaged Children from a View of Social Change

以往关于困境儿童的研究更多是采用问题/缺陷视角,关注的重心是在这些儿童学业不良和心理行为问题等消极方面。随着积极青少年发展视角的兴起,人们逐渐认识到,即使处于不利情境,个体仍具有积极发展的潜力。积极青少年发展的理论和实践正越来越多地影响着困境儿童的相关研究、政策和实践进程。本文分别从困境儿童相关研究、积极青少年发展研究及困境儿童的积极发展三个方面勾勒出这一研究领域的发展脉络。本辑收录的13篇论文涉及留守儿童、流动儿童、事实无人抚养儿童、回流儿童等困境儿童积极发展的特点、影响因素、预测结果及干预实践等多方面内容。这些研究聚焦当代中国的社会变迁背景,注重探究困境儿童的积极心理状态及其形成过程或作用机制。这为建立困境儿童积极发展的干预机制、促进困境儿童的健康成长提供了重要启示。

Previous research on disadvantaged children has mainly focused on a problem or deficit perspective emphasizing the negative aspects such as poor academic performance and other psychological and behavioral problems.With the rise of positive youth development it is increasingly recognized that individuals have the potential for positive development even in adverse contexts.The theories and practices of positive youth development are increasingly influencing research policies and practical processes related to disadvantaged children.Therefore the study outlined the development of the research field from three aspects research on disadvantaged children research related to positive youth development and positive development of disadvantaged children respectively.And the 13 papers included in this collection covered a wide range of aspects of positive developmental characteristics influencing factors predictive outcomes and intervention practices of disadvantaged children such as left-behind children migrant children de facto unattended children and returning migrant children.These studies focus on the social changes in contemporary China and aim to explore disadvantaged children’s positive mental states their formation processes and functioning mechanisms which provide important enlightenment for establishing intervention mechanisms for the positive development of disadvantaged children so as to promote their healthy growth.