科研人员探索式搜索任务类型与特征研究

Research on the Types and Characteristics of Exploratory Search Tasks for Researchers

[目的/意义]随着科技创新进程的加速与深入,科研人员的知识需求逐渐呈现出深度化、模糊化等特征,其知识搜索也大多表现为一种探索性的搜索过程。研究科研人员探索式搜索任务类型与特征有利于细粒度揭示科研人员信息需求特征,为科技信息服务平台的精准化知识服务提供理论依据,从而促进科技知识共享,加快科技创新进程。[方法/过程]以集成电路领域为例,文章采用关键事件技术法和在线问卷调查法进行数据收集,同时基于多重信息搜寻时段模型进行内容分析和编码,并进行数据统计分析。[结果/结论]集成电路领域探索式搜索包括两种任务类型(学习型和研究型)及其13种任务子类型,其中,来源、搜索频率、知识储备需要、复杂度的知识维度和认知维度5个任务属性与任务子类型显著相关,同时各任务属性间的共现结果体现了最常见的任务属性组合。本研究将为更好地理解科研人员的领域知识需求,以及开展后续的科研人员信息搜索行为研究和搜索系统优化提供一定参考。

[Purpose/significance]With the acceleration and deepening of the process of scientific and technological innovation,the knowledge demands of researchers gradually show the characteristics of depth and ambiguity,and their knowledge search is mostly an exploratory search process.Research on the types and characteristics of researchers’exploratory search tasks is conducive to revealing the characteristics of researchers’information needs in a fine-grained manner,providing theoretical basis for accurate knowledge services of scientific and technological information service platforms,thus promoting scientific and technological knowledge sharing and speeding up the process of scientific and technological innovation.[Method/process]Taking the field of integrated circuits as an example,this paper collected data using the critical incident technique and online questionnaire survey method.Content analysis and coding were conducted based on the Multiple Information Seeking Episodes model,and data statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.[Result/conclusion]Exploratory search in the field of integrated circuit includes two task types,learning type and research type,and 13 task subtypes.Among them,five task attributes,source,search frequency,level of domain knowledge,complexity of knowledge dimension and complexity of cognitive process dimensions,are significantly correlated with task subtypes.Meanwhile,the co-occurrence results among task attributes reflect the most common combinations of task attributes.This paper provides some references for us to better understand the domain knowledge needs of researchers,carry out the follow-up research on researchers’information search behavior and optimize the search system.