师风与师德治理

Teacher′s Style of Work and Ethics Governance

教师的职业道德不能简单地以师德规范进行判定,师德规范背后还有更高的价值,即师风。师风决定于教育的本质和职能。根据教育在农业文明、工业文明和信息文明的不同职能,提炼出了为人师表、传道授业、指引促进这三个迭代融合的师风。依据师风进行师德评判可以使师德治理跟教育本质保持一致性,否则,师德治理就容易流于道德实在论,将师德规范仅仅看作外在权威的强制性“要求”,而不是教师职业成长的“需要”;评价师德行为也会倾向于根据规范的字面意思而不是它的精神实质,或依据行为的结果而不是动机。有了师风,师德治理会赋予教师无限的创造空间,使教师在更高层次上体现教育家精神。

The professional ethics of teachers should never be simply judged by the ethical code of conduct.More values should be added as the benchmark of teacher′s professional ethics,which we refer to as teacher′s style of work.It is determined by the essence of education and its functions.Based on different functions of education in agricultural civilization,industrial civilization,and information civilization,the teacher′s style of work has been summarized into three types,evolving from serving as a role model and imparting knowledge,to providing guidance and cultivation of talents.Judging teacher′s ethics based on teacher′s style of work can ensure the consistency between teacher′s ethics governance and the essence of education.Otherwise,teacher′s ethics governance can easily become a moral realism,which views teacher′s ethical code of conduct as a mandatory requirement of external authority rather than a need for teacher′s professional growth;adheres to moral norms based on the literal meaning rather than the spiritual essence;evaluates teacher′s ethics behavior based on the results of actions rather than motives.With teacher′s style of work,teacher′s ethics governance can provide unlimited creative space for teachers,allowing them to reflect the spirit of educators at a much higher level.