共同富裕目标下乡村旅游地经营性治理的理论内涵与研究框架

Operational Governance in Rural Destinations under the Goal of Common Prosperity:Theoretical Logic and a Research Framework

习近平同志曾在浙江亲自谋划、亲自部署、亲自推动了“千村示范、万村整治”工程,强调“要把整治村庄和经营村庄结合起来”,为引导乡村地区发展乡村产业、实现农村农民共同富裕积累了宝贵经验。从学理层面总结和提炼相关实践经验,能够为学习贯彻党的二十大精神、助力中国式现代化贡献旅游学者的力量。为此,文章引入乡村经营性治理的概念,在阐述其内涵、论证其与新时代共同富裕内在逻辑相契合的基础上,结合乡村旅游地产业经营和乡村治理实际,从多元行动主体的视角,秉持“共建共治共享”的理念,深化了乡村旅游地经营性治理的理论内涵,并探索性地构建了相应的研究框架。其中,农村集体经济组织是共同富裕的载体,以统筹逻辑和组织化的路径参与乡村旅游地经营性治理中;乡村文旅小微企业是共同富裕的个体,以运营逻辑和责任化的路径参与其中;本地村民是共同富裕的主体,以内生逻辑和公民化的路径参与其中;外来游客则是共同富裕的流体,以共创逻辑和内部化的路径参与其中;基层党组织是推进乡村旅游地实现经营性治理最为深厚的力量,通过党建引领来凝聚共识和高位推动,是推动多元主体参与经营性治理、助力乡村迈向共同富裕的核心保障。文章还梳理了相关潜在研究议题,研究成果能够为乡村旅游推动共同富裕提供学理借鉴。

Rural revitalization is a Chinese national strategy.Zhejiang province launched the"Thousand Villages Demonstration and Ten Thousand Villages Renovation"project in 2003,which emphasizes combining the renovation and governance of villages with the operations of villages.This notion has accumulated valuable experience in guiding the development of multiple business sectors in rural areas,e.g.,the tourism sector,and realizing the common prosperity of rural areas and rural residents.This study aims to summarize the practices and discuss relevant issues at the theoretical level.To this end,this study introduces the concept of rural operational governance,elaborates its connotation,and demonstrates its intrinsic consistency with the demand for common prosperity in the new era.On this basis,considering the reality of industry development and public governance,this study deepens the theoretical connotation of operational governance in rural destinations.It futher proposes a conceptual framework,which links multiple stakeholders'collaboration,participation,and common interest.This framework suggests four key stakeholders:the rustic collective economy organizations,small tourism enterprises,villagers and tourists.Different stakeholders have distinctive logics in participating in rural development and governance.On analysis of their roles,this study indicates that:(1)Rustic collective economy organizations are the coordinating subject of common prosperity in rural destinations.They are involved in the operational governance with the logic of coordination through the organization of various relationships;(2)Small tourism enterprises are the micro-business subject of common prosperity.They are involved in the operational governance with the logic of operation through their fulfillment of community social responsibilities;(3)Villagers are the primary subject of common prosperity.They are involved in the operational governance with the logic of autonomy through taking community citizen behavior;(4)Tourists are mobile stakeholder and can also be involved as a subject of common prosperity.They participate in the operational governance with the logic of value co-creation,working as partial community members.Through customer citizenship behavior,they can also facilitate the village development and governance;(5)Rural grass-root party organizations are the most profound force to promote operational governance in rural destinations.They enable multiple stakeholders'collaboration to realize the common prosperity by consensus building and political guidance.A series of prospective issues are also provided for future research.Through integrating multiple stakeholders,this study makes theoretical contributions to operational governance in rural villages,which is currently limited to the development of collective economy organizations.In addition,this study offers a clear framework,indicating tourism's dual roles and its coordination in rural economic development and governance.It thus provides practical implications to manage multiple stakeholders and promote collective behaviors in rural communities.